Index

COMPUTER NETWORKING

  1. INTRO
    1. TCP/IP Five Layer Model
    2. NETWORKING DEVICES
    3. PHYSICAL LAYER
    4. DATALINK LAYER
  2. NETWORK LAYER
    1. IP
    2. SUBNET
    3. ROUTING
  3. TRANSPORT & APPLICATION LAYER
    1. TRANSPORT LAYER
    2. CONTROL FLAGS
    3. APPLICATION LAYER
    4. ALL TOGETHER
  4. NETWORK SERVICES
    1. DNS - NAMES RESOLUTION
    2. DHCP
    3. NAT
    4. VPN
  5. CONNECTING TO INTERNET
    1. BROADBAND
    2. WAN
    3. WIRELESS NETWORKING
  6. TROUBLESHOOTING
  7. MORE ABOUT
    1. DNS
    2. IPv6
    3. CLOUD

BROADBAND

Broadband : Any connectivity technology that isnt dial-up internet.

T-carrier Technologies:
Originally invented by AT&T in order to transmit multiple phone calls over a single link. then became common to transfer data.
T1 -> 24 simultaneous calls using twisted copper connections. Faster. 1.544 mbps (Transmission System 1)
T3 -> 28 T1's . achieving the feat of 44.736 mbps

DSL:Digital Subscriber Line
Normal phone calls and data -> different frequencies used soo that they dont interfere.
Dial-up used modems, DSL used DSLAMs -> Digital Subscriber Line Multiplexer. long running.
ADSL : Assymetric DSL. DIfferent speed for download and upload .
SDSL : Symmetric DSL. Upload and Download speed was same. (1.544 mbps)
HDSL : High BIt DSL . Provides speed higher than 1.544 mbps.

CABLE BROADBAND:
Cable-Based internet techs:different frequencies used soo that they dont interfere.
Shared Bandwidth Technology .depends of wired .
Cable Modem

FIBER CONNECTIONS
High Speeds
Light
Expensive
FTTX : Fiber to the X
FTTN : Fiber to the Neighbourhood.
FTTB : Fiber to the Building, business, Business.
FTTH : Fiber to the Home.
FTTP : Fiber to the Premise.

Instead of a modem -> Optical Network Terminator(ONT)is used.
ONT converts data from protocols the fiber can understand , tothose that more traditional, twisted pair copper networks can understand.